ONE CENTURY AND A HALF OF ELECTORAL OBSERVATION: A NARRATIVE FROM REFERENDUMS TO SOVEREIGN STATES
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International Election Monitoring is a democratic norm that emerged in the beginning of the 90s but has more profound origins. To advance in the comprehension of its history, this article through process tracing, follow a narrative based on the main events that gave rise to what is now a practice wordily accepted. It starts showing the first monitored territorial plebiscites and referendums that took place right after the Great War until the first observation missions in independent nations. The Third Wave of Democratization is introduced as a fundamental aspect of this process, as it pushed forward the establishment of the practice in sovereign American countries, before other regions adopted it. At the end, it is shown how observation is nowadays an institutionalized instrument for the advance of democracies.
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