TELEWORK TRENDS: ANALYZING PUBLIC MANAGERS’ EXPERIENCES IN BRAZIL AND PORTUGAL
Barra lateral del artículo
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
Telework is established as a people management model for organizing work. Its application was widely used during the COVID-19 pandemic, predominantly adopted by public organizations to maintain and continue their operations. This research aims to analyze the perception of managers regarding teams under telework arrangements in public organizations in Brazil and Portugal. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 13 Brazilian and 21 Portuguese managers from public organizations experienced in telework. The analyses were conducted using content analysis techniques. The results revealed that Brazilian and Portuguese managers have convergent perceptions of telework, highlighting modernization, health benefits, cost reduction, and preference for the hybrid model. Managers from both countries recognize improvements in workers' performance and quality of life, although they faced challenges in communication and adapting activities to remote work, especially during the pandemic. In Brazil, managers reported difficulties in getting staff to return to in-person work and focused on adjustments in training, recruitment, and performance evaluation. In Portugal, managers reported a lack of infrastructure for remote work and focused on adjusting schedules and using telework to retain workers. In conclusion, the research contributes by highlighting novel practices such as intentional in-person work and leader trust as a key factor for telework success.
Detalles del artículo
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Copyright (c). Boletim de Coyuntura (BOCA)
Este obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional.
Citas
ABREU E SILVA, J. “Residential preferences, telework perceptions, and the intention to telework: insights from the Lisbon Metropolitan Area during the COVID-19 pandemic”. Regional Science Policy and Practice, vol. 14, n. 1, 2022.
ADAMOVIC, M. “How does employee cultural background influence the effects of telework on job stress? The roles of power distance, individualism, and beliefs about telework”. International Journal of Information Management, vol. 62, 2022.
AFONSO, P.; FONSECA, M.; TEODORO, T. “Evaluation of anxiety, depression and sleep quality in full-time teleworkers”. Journal of Public Health, vol. 44, n. 4, 2021.
AGUIAR, S. F. B. et al. “Telework and women: perceptions of balancing professional and family life”. Cadernos EBAPE.BR, vol. 20, n. 6, 2022.
ANDRADE, C.; LOUSÃ, E. P. “Telework and Work–Family Conflict during COVID-19 Lockdown in Portugal: The Influence of Job-Related Factors”. Administrative Sciences, vol. 11, n. 3, 2021.
ANDRADE, P. A. F.; SOUZA, M. J. R. “O impacto da implementação do teletrabalho nas análises dos projetos de pesquisa, desenvolvimento e inovação na Superintendência da Zona Franca de Manaus”. Revista de Carreiras e Pessoas, vol. 13, n. 1, 2023.
ATHAYDE, A. P. F.; FIGUEIREDO, A. “Gestión pública del deporte: descripción y análisis comparativo de la estructura organizativa en Brasil y Portugal”. Retos, vol. 51, 2024.
AYED, W. et al. “Psychological impact of telework during the COVID-19 pandemic in Tunisia”. European Psychiatry, vol. 66, n. 1, 2023.
BARROS, A. O.; GOIS, S. R. F. S. M.; TRIGO, J. A. “Qualidade de vida de teletrabalhadores de uma organização pública federal brasileira”. Boletim de Conjuntura (BOCA), vol. 18, n. 54, 2024.
BELZUNEGUI-ERASO, Á.; ERRO-GARCÉS, A. “Teleworking in the Context of the Covid-19 Crisis”. Sustainability, vol. 12, 2020.
BJURSELL, C.; BERGMO-PRVULOVIC, I.; HEDEGAARD, J. “Telework and Lifelong Learning”. Frontiers in Sociology, vol. 6, 2021.
CAETANO, E. F. S.; CAMPOS, I. M. B. M.; CAVALCANTI, V. P. A “Captação de Recursos Próprios pelas Universidades Públicas Federais: autonomia ou mercantilização?”. FINEDUCA - Revista de Financiamento da Educação, vol. 11, 2021.
CARVALHO, V. S. et al. “Family supportive supervisor behavior and work-family boundary control in teleworkers during a lockdown: Portugal and Pakistan comparison”. Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 13, 2022.
ČIARNIENĖ, R.; VIENAŽINDIENĖ, M.; ADAMONIENĖ, R. “Teleworking and sustainable behaviour in the context of COVID-19: the case of Lithuania”. Engineering Management in Production and Services, vol. 15, n. 1, 2023.
ÇOBAN, S. “Gender and telework: Work and family experiences of teleworking professional, middle-class, married women with children during the Covid-19 pandemic in Turkey”. Gender, Work and Organization, vol. 29, 2022.
COSTA E SILVA, T. F. et al. “Teletrabalho na Pandemia de Covid-19: quais as contribuições da pesquisa brasileira em Administração?” Revista de Administração da Unimep, vol. 19, n. 12, 2022.
DÍEZ, N. L.; LÓPEZ-LÓPEZ, P. C.; MO GROBA, D. “Nuevos espacios, viejas agendas: la construcción temática de los procesos electorales de Portugal y Brasil en Twitter”. Journal of Iberian and Latin American Research, vol. 26, n. 3, 2020.
DIMA, A. et al. “Sustainable Social and Individual Implications of Telework: A New Insight into the Romanian Labor Market”. Sustainability, vol. 11, n. 3, 2019.
DINIZ, G. P. M. “O Controle Externo dos Contratos da Administração Pública pelo Tribunal de Contas: Ensaio sobre o Momento da Fiscalização Financeira Adotado no Brasil e em Portugal”. Cadernos do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito – UFRGS, vol. 9, n. 1, 2014.
ÉLLDÉR, E. “Telework and daily travel: New evidence from Sweden”. Journal of Transport Geography, vol. 86, 2020.
ELSAMANI. Y.; KAJIKAWA. Y. “How teleworking adoption is changing the labor market and workforce dynamics?”. Plos One, vol. 19, n. 3, 2024.
ENTRADAS, M. et al. “Public communication by research institutes compared across countries and sciences: building capacity for engagement or competing for visibility?” PLoS ONE, vol. 15, n. 7, 2020.
FALANGA, R. et al. “Participatory budgets in Canoas (Brazil) and Cascais (Portugal): a comparative analysis of the drivers of success”. Journal of Civil Society, vol. 16, n. 3, 2020.
FARCA, L.; DRAGOS, D. “Resilience in Times Of Pandemic: Is the Public Procurement Legal Framework Fit for Purpose?” Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences, vol. 16, 2020.
FILARDI, F.; CASTRO, R. M. P.; ZANINI, M. T. F. “Vantagens e desvantagens do teletrabalho na administração pública: Análise das experiências do Serpro e da Receita Federal”. Cadernos EBAPE.BR, vol. 18, n. 1, 2020.
FORTE, T.; SANTINHA, G.; CARVALHO, S. A. “The COVID-19 Pandemic Strain: Teleworking and Health Behavior Changes in the Portuguese Context”. Healthcare, vol. 9, n. 9, 2021.
GIOVANIS, E.; OZDAMAR, O. “Implications of COVID-19: The effect of working from home on financial and mental well-being in the UK”. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, vol. 11, n. 9, 2021.
GOHOUNGODJI, P.; N'DRI, A. B.; MATOS, A. L. B. “What makes telework work? Evidence of success factors across two decades of empirical research: a systematic and critical review”. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 34, n. 3, p. 605-649, 2023.
GONÇALVES, S. P.; GONÇALVES, J. P. “Qualidade e ética na investigação qualitativa”. In: GONÇALVES, S. P. et al. (eds.). Manual de investigação qualitativa: conceção, análise e aplicações. Lisboa: Pactor, 2021.
GROEN, B. et al. “Managing flexible work arrangements: Teleworking and output controls”. European Management Journal, vol. 36, n. 1, 2018.
HAIDER, M.; ANWAR, A. I. “The prevalence of telework under COVID-19 in Canada”. Information Technology & People, vol. 36, n. 1, 2023.
HÄRTEL, T.; HÜTTEMANN, D.; MÜLLER, J. “Associations between the implementation of telework strategies and job performance: Moderating influences of boundary management preferences and telework experience”. Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 14, 2023.
HOOK, A. et al. “A systematic review of the energy and climate impacts of teleworking”. Environmental Research Letters, vol. 15, 2020.
IPSEN, C. et al. “Six key advantages and disadvantages of working from home in Europe during COVID-19”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 18, n. 4, 2021.
KAZEKAMI, S. “Mechanisms to improve labor productivity by performing telework”. Telecommunications Policy, vol. 44, n. 2, p. 1-15, 2020.
KIM, M. et al. “Teleworking is significantly associated with anxiety symptoms and sleep disturbances among paid workers in the COVID-19 era”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 20, n. 2, p. 1488, 2023.
KING, N.; BROOKS, J. “Thematic analysis in organizational research”. In: CASSELL, C.; CUNLIFFE, A. L.; GRANDY, G. (eds.). The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Business and Management Research Methods: Methods and Challenges. London: Sage Publications, 2018.
KLEIN, L. L. et al. “Lean management and sustainable practices in Higher Education Institutions of Brazil and Portugal: A cross country perspective”. Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 342, 2022.
LAKE, B.; MAIDMENT, D. “Is this a new dawn for accessibility? A qualitative interview study assessing teleworking experiences in adults with physical disabilities post COVID-19”. Work, vol. 79, n. 2, 2023.
LIEVORE, C. et al. “Universities of applied sciences in Brazil and in Portugal from conception to practice”. Interchange, vol. 52, 2021.
LOPES, S.; DIAS, P. C. et al. “Employees’ fit to telework and work well-being: (in)voluntariness in telework as a mediating variable?” Employee Relations, vol. 45, n. 1, 2023.
MACHADO, P. S. X.; TOLEDO, D. A. C. “Estudo bibliométrico da produção científica sobre o teletrabalho no serviço público em âmbito nacional”. Revista Reuna, vol. 27, n. 2, 2022.
MADUREIRA, C.; RANDO, B. “Teleworking in Portuguese public administration during the COVID-19 pandemic: Advantages, disadvantages, work-life balance and motivation”. Work Organisation, Labour and Globalisation, vol. 16, n. 2, 2022.
MELE, V.; BELARDINELLI, P.; BELLÉ, N. “Telework in public organizations: A systematic review and research agenda”. Public Administration Review, vol. 83, n. 6, 2023.
MENDONÇA, I. et al. “Telework and mental health during COVID-19”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 19, n. 5, 2022.
MOENS, E. et al. “The COVID-19 crisis and telework: a research survey on experiences, expectations and hopes”. The European Journal of Health Economics, vol. 23, 2020.
NAKROŠIENĖ, A.; BUČIŪNIENĖ, I.; GOŠTAUTAITĖ, B. “Working from home: characteristics and outcomes of telework”. International Journal of Manpower, vol. 40, n. 1, p. 87-101, 2019.
NEMTEANU, M.; DABIJA, D. “Negative impact of telework, job insecurity, and work–life conflict on employee behaviour”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 20, n. 5, p. 4182, 2023.
PARK, S.; CHO, Y. J. “Does telework status affect the behavior and perception of supervisors? Examining task behavior and perception in the telework context”. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 33, n. 7, 2022.
PASCHOAL, T. et al. “Qualidade de vida no teletrabalho, redesenho do trabalho e bem-estar no trabalho de professores de ensino público no Distrito Federal”. Contextus – Revista Contemporânea de Economia e Gestão, vol. 20, 2022.
PRASAD, A. “The contest over meaning: hermeneutics as an interpretive methodology for understanding texts”. Organizational Research Methods, vol. 5, 2002.
PRODANOV, C. C.; FREITAS, E. C. Metodologia do trabalho científico: métodos e técnicas da pesquisa e do trabalho acadêmico. Novo Hamburgo: Feevale, 2013.
RUSU, M. S. et al. “Determinants of job insecurity during COVID-19: quantitative insights from the Romanian labor market”. Employee Relations, vol. 45, n. 5, 2023.
SANTOS, L. S.; PANTOJA, M. J. “Teletrabalho obrigatório e saúde mental: narrativas de trabalhadores no setor público”. Boletim de Conjuntura (BOCA), vol. 18, n. 53, 2024.
SIEVERS, B. “Além do sucedâneo da motivação”. Revista de Administração de Empresas, vol. 30, n. 1, 1990.
SILVA, M. R.; BARBOSA, M. A. S.; LIMA, L. G. B. “Usos e possibilidades metodológicas para os estudos qualitativos em administração: explorando a análise temática”. Revista Pensamento Contemporâneo em Administração, vol. 14, n. 1, 2020.
SINVAL, J.; MARÔCO, J. “Short index of job satisfaction: validity evidence from Portugal and Brazil”. PLoS ONE, vol. 15, n. 4, 2020.
SLYKE, C. et al. “Telework distress and eustress among Chinese teleworkers”. Journal of Global Information Management, vol. 30, p. 1-29, 2022.
SOUSA-UVA, M. et al. “Telework during the COVID-19 epidemic in Portugal and determinants of job satisfaction: a cross-sectional study”. BMC Public Health, vol. 21, 2021.
STANCIU, P. et al. “Dynamics of teleworking and impact on stakeholders in the current pandemic context”. Sustainability, vol. 15, 2023.
TAVARES, F. et al. “Teletrabalho nas comunidades portuguesas durante a pandemia COVID-19”. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, vol. 15, 2021.
THULIN, E.; VILHELMSON, B.; WETTERSTRAND, M. “New telework, time pressure, and time use control in everyday life”. Sustainability, vol. 11, n. 11, 2019.
TROPHARDY, Y. “Ontological anti-foundationalism in sociology”. Philosophy of the Social Sciences, vol. 54, n. 2, 2024.
VARGAS, C.; SARMENTO, C.; OLIVEIRA, P. “Cultural networks between Portugal and Brazil: a postcolonial review”. International Journal of Cultural Policy, vol. 23, n. 3, 2015.
VELASCO, S. M. V.; PANTOJA, M. J.; OLIVEIRA, M. A. M. “Qualidade de vida no teletrabalho compulsório no contexto da COVID-19: percepções entre os gêneros em organizações públicas”. Administração Pública e Gestão Social, vol. 15, n. 1, 2023.
VILARINHO, K. P. B.; PASCHOAL, T.; DEMO, G. “Teletrabalho na atualidade: quais são os impactos no desempenho profissional, bem-estar e contexto de trabalho?” Revista do Serviço Público, vol. 72, 2021.
VRIES, H.; TUMMERS, L.; BEKKERS, V. “The benefits of teleworking in the public sector: reality or rhetoric?”. Review of Public Personnel Administration, vol. 39, 2019.
WANG, H. et al. “Who knows me understands my needs: the effect of home-based telework on work engagement”. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, vol. 16, 2023.