CLIMATOBOTANICAL AND GEOECOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE QUATERNARY PALEOTERRITORIES OF CASA NOVA, BAHIA, BRAZIL

Abstract

The climatobotanical and geoecological aspects of a region are influenced by characteristics determined by various elements of the natural environment, including climate, relief, rock types, temperature, air humidity, solar radiation, soil types, wind, atmospheric composition and precipitation. In this sense, the research was based on the following problem: how can the implementation of an Environmental Conservation Plan (ECP) contribute to the conservation of the ecodynamics of the paleodune territories in the Environmental Protection Area? The aim of this study was to characterize the climatobotanical and geoecological aspects of the palaeoterritories in the Lago de Sobradinho Environmental Protection Area - in the municipality of Casa Nova/BA, Brazil - in order to conserve the ecodynamics of the palaeodune landscape, based on the creation of an Environmental Conservation Plan that guides, mitigates and encourages sustainable practices and socio-environmental justice. The methodology was based on the ecodynamic and Geosystem-Territory-Landscape methods. This is a qualitative, exploratory, bibliographical and field study. Photogrammetric mapping was carried out using a remotely piloted quadcopter equipped with a high-resolution optical sensor. The satellite images were acquired using SAS Planet software, linked to Microsoft Bing Maps provider, and configured with a 20x zoom and projection in the WGS84 LatLong system. Among the main results found are: the development of a robust PCA; the use of advanced technologies in characterization integrating satellite images and geographic data; the recommendation of different Management Plans adapted to the state of stability of the areas; the recommendation to preserve paleoclimatic records; and the use of the area in accordance with legal regulations. It was concluded that the paleoenvironmental changes that took place on the earth's surface during the Quaternary have left countless pieces of evidence and bioindicators that preserve the records of past climatobotanical and geoecological conditions, capable of explaining the records of past environmental conditions, functioning as true natural archives.