PREVALENCE OF THE HIV VIRUS IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE STATE OF PARAÍBA (2020-2024)
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Abstract
The prevalence of HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is lower among women compared to men. However, in many cases, the diagnosis in women occurs during pregnancy, generally after prenatal examinations. The present study aims to describe the prevalence of HIV cases in pregnant women in the state of Paraíba from 2020 to 2024. It is an exploratory, descriptive and retrospective epidemiological study. Data were collected from DATASUS (Informatics Department of the Unified Health System), tabulated in Microsoft Excel and analyzed with the aid of Jamovi software, using a prevalence equation. The results indicated a prevalence of 0.13%, corresponding to 551 absolute cases. Among the registered cases, 90% of diagnoses occurred during prenatal care, reinforcing the importance of periodic testing as an essential strategy to prevent vertical transmission. The data point to a reduction in the number of HIV cases in pregnant women throughout the analyzed period, with a tendency towards stabilization. This result highlights the relevance of starting prenatal care early and carrying out tests in the three trimesters of pregnancy. These measures increase the likelihood of early detection of HIV, allowing for timely interventions, such as initiation of treatment and prophylaxis for the newborn, significantly reducing the risk of congenital transmission. The prevalence of HIV in pregnant women in the state has demonstrated stability with a tendency to decrease in the last 2 years, making studies and constant monitoring necessary to reduce these cases during the gestational period.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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