PREVALENCE OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
All over the world, HIV represents a serious public health problem, the infection has grown among young people in whom early sexual intercourse, partner variability, non-use of condoms and drug use are observed. The population of university students predominantly consists of young people who are more likely to acquire and understand health information. However, if knowledge is not effective in bringing about changes, this population will also be vulnerable to HIV infection. The present study is a systematic review whose objective was to estimate the worldwide prevalence of HIV in university students. It was carried out from cross-sectional studies, following the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute in the PICO strategy and in the PRISMA guidelines. Articles were searched in Medline (via PubMed), Web of Science, Cinahl, Science Direct, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS) databases. No restrictions on publication date and language were applied. Studies were selected, data extracted and assessed for methodological quality following eight criteria related to sampling, HIV testing and presentation of results. 1,493 articles were retrieved in the search, and 12 were included in the review. The articles included corresponded to 41,022 university students examined for HIV, regardless of gender, age or course. Medline via Pubmed (51.44%) and Science Direct (21.57%) contributed the most, bringing more than 70% of the publications included in the review. In the synthesis of the twelve selected articles, 50% were carried out in Africa and 25% in the United States. Results of this systematic review indicate that HIV is present in the university population. The estimated prevalence in the studied population ranged from 0.02% to 15.7%, with a mean prevalence in university students of 2.6%.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c). Conjuncture Bulletin (BOCA)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
ADEWOLE, D. A.; LAWOYIN, T. O. “Características de voluntários e não voluntários para aconselhamento voluntário e teste de HIV entre estudantes universitários não casados”. Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, vol. 33, n. 2, 2004.
BEER, I. H. et al. “University students and HIV in Namibia: an HIV prevalence survey and a knowledge and attitude survey”. Journal of the International AIDS Society, vol. 15, 2012.
BEZERRA, E. O. et al. “Análise da vulnerabilidade sexual de estudantes universitários ao HIV/Aids”. Rev Rene, vol. 13, n. 5, 2013.
CDC - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Sexually transmitted disease surveillance”. CDC [2014]. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 08/06/2023.
CDC - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC. “Revised recommendations for HIV testing of adults, adolescents, and pregnant women in health-care settings”. CDC [2006]. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 08/06/2023.
EMEKA, N.; IBEH, B. O.; OGBULIE, T. E. “High HIV sero-prevalence among students of institutions of highereducation in Southeast Nigeria”. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease, vol. 4, n. 2, 2014.
GALVÃO, T. F.; PANSANI, T. S. A.; HARRAD, D. “Principais itens para relatar Revisões sistemáticas e Meta-análises: A recomendação PRISMA”. Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde, vol. 24, n. 2, 2015.
GAYLE, H. D. et al. “Prevalence of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus among University Students”. New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 323, 1990.
HOYOS, J. et al. “La oferta de la prueba rápida del VIH en la calle dentro del ámbito universitario: ¿una estrategia prioritaria?”. Gaceta Sanitaria, vol. 26, n. ,2, 2012.
JBI - The Joanna Briggs Institute. Joanna briggs institute reviewers’ manual. Adelaide: University of Adelaide, 2014.
JOHNSON, E.; GILBERT, D.; LOLLIS, C. A. “Characteristics of african-american college students with HIV/Aids”. Journal of the National Medical Association, vol. 86, n. 12, 1994.
LONEY, P. L. et al. “Critical Appraisal of the Health Research Literature Prevalence or Incidence of a Health Problem”. Chronic Diseases in Canada, vol. 19, n. 4, 1998.
MARQUES, C. O. et al. “Adolescent sexual and reproductive health – our reality”. Acta Obstétrica e Ginecológica Portuguesa, vol. 7, n. 3, 2013.
MILLIGAN, C. et al. “Know your status”: results from a novel, student-run hiv testing initiative on college campuses”. AIDS Education, vol. 26, n. 4, 2014.
MOHER, D. et al. “Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the prisma statement”. PLoS Med, vol. 6, 2009.
MULU, W.; ABERA, B.; YIMER, M. “Prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection andassociated factors among students at Bahir Dar University”. Ethiopian Journal of Health Development, vol. 28, n. 3, 2014.
NKUO-AKENJI, T. et al. “Knowledge of HIV/AIDS, sexual behaviour and prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among female students of the University of Buea, Cameroon”. African Journal of AIDS Research, vol. 6, n. 2, 2007.
RAAB, G. M. et al. “HIV prevalence and risk factors in university students”. AIDS, vol. 9, n. 2, 1995.
RUTHERFORD, G. W. et al. “University students and the risk of HIV and othersexually transmitted infections in Uganda: The Crane Survey”. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine, vol. 26, n. 2, 2014.
UNAIDS - Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. UNAIDS: Programa Conjunto das Nações Unidas sobre HIV/AIDS. Geneva: UNAIDS, 2017.
WHO - World Health Organization. Initiative to transmission of HIV. Genebra: WHO, 2016.
ZHENG, J. et al. “HIV syphilis infection and risky sexual behaviors among male university students who have sex with men in beijing, china: a cross-sectional study”. AIDS Education and Prevention, vol. 24, n. 1, 2012.